C.D. Guadalajara
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- This article is about Mexican club, for the Spanish club see CD Guadalajara.
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| Full name | Club Deportivo Guadalajara S.A. de C.V. | ||
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| Nickname(s) | Divas, Rebaño Sagrado, Chiverío, Campeonisimo,Roji Blancos | ||
| Founded | May 8, 1906 | ||
| Ground | Estadio Jalisco, Guadalajara, Jalisco (Capacity: 56,700) |
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| Owner |  Jorge Vergara |
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| President | Pedro Saez |
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| Manager | Francisco "Paco" Ramírez |
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| League | La Primera División | ||
| Clausura 2009 | 11th (league) | ||
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Club Deportivo Guadalajara, commonly known as Chivas (The Goats), or El Rebaño Sagrado (The Sacred Herd) is a Mexican association football team based in Guadalajara, Jalisco that competes in the Primera División de México, the highest football division in Mexico. Chivas has the most titles in the Mexican first division with 11, their biggest rival, América, is second. They both are Mexico's most popular soccer teams. In the IFFHS's club rankings for May 2009, Chivas ranks first among CONCACAF teams and fifty-eighth overall.[1]
C.D. Guadalajara is the only football club in Mexico to exclusively field Mexican-born players. The three colors of the team are red, white, and blue; they are symbolic of "Fraternity, Union, and Sports". Chivas is one of two teams in Mexico that has never been relegated to the Primera Division A (2nd Division), the other being América. América and Chivas share a long-standing rivalry. They are the only two clubs to have been in the First Division of the Mexican Football League from the very beginning. The team mascot, as well as their nickname, is the goat or Chiva Fighter.
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[edit] Periods
[edit] Foundation and the Amateur Era (1906-1942)
In 1904, a man from Belgium named Edgar Everaert and French-born Calixto Gas began to discuss the idea of founding a football club. The club was founded on May 8, 1906, by Gregorio Orozco and Casa Gas, L. Gas y Cía (Almacenes la Ciudad de México).[clarification needed] The initial name was Club Union and the team's colors were those of the flag of France: red, white and blue. After 2 years, Everaert suggested the name change to Club Guadalajara. During its years in the Jalisco State Championship the team achieved 13 championships. Also during this time, a selection of players from their teams would represent the state of Jalisco in a series of friendly matches against teams from the capital, Mexico City.
[edit] Professional Era, El Ya Merito (1943-1955)
In 1943 the Liga Mayor was founded after the merging of several regional leagues and the Professional Era began. Guadalajara struggled during the first years, with exception of the 1948-49 season where it ended up ranked third. This same year Guadalajara was given the name of "Chivas brinconas" (jumping goats) during a game against Tampico-Madero. The name was initially considered an insult, but later adopted as the team's nickname. During the 1951-52 and 1954-55 seasons, the team ended ranked short of first place. These results led to them being called "los ya merito.[clarification needed] "The Almost There!"
[edit] El Campeonisimo (1956-1970)
During the 1956 season, players such as Luis Salvador " el chava" Reyes, Jaime "El Tubo" Gomez, Isidoro Lopez, and Jose Villegas were part of what is considered one of the finest teams in Mexican football history, El Campeonisimo. Guadalajara won its first championship during this season due to a last minute goal scored by Salvador Reyes. Commanded by coaches like Donald Russ, and Javier de la Torre in the following years, the team obtained seven league championships, two cups, three CONCACAF titles, and seven Champion of Champions titles. It was the only team in Mexico's football history to win four league championships in a row, during the 1958-59, 1959-60, 1960-61, and 1961-62 seasons. El Campeonisimo became internationally recognized and, in 1964, performed in matches in Europe playing against teams such Futbol Club Barcelona, Werder Bremen, Lille Olympique, resulting in two victories, four ties, and four losses for the team.
[edit] The Dark Era (1971-1982)
During the 1970s and early 1980s, Guadalajara reached the playoffs twice, with a fifth place finish in 1971-72 and a seventh place finish in 1975-76.
[edit] The Resurrection 1983-1991
During 1980-81 season, the team reached a third-place ranking. Prior to the 1981-82 season, a tragic road accident took the life of team member José Martínez.[2]. The team finished the season in seventeenth place.
After that season, the team hired coach Alberto Guerra, who had been a player for Guadalajara during the mid 60's. During the 1982-83 season, Guadalajara finished seventh in the league table and qualified for the playoffs, where it would go on to eliminate Atlante FC in Quarterfinals and Club América in Semifinals. The team reached the Finals for the first time since the playoff format was introduced in the 70's, where it would go on to lose to Puebla F.C. in a penalty shootout [3]. Guadalajara would once again reach the Finals in 1983-84, only to lose to America by an aggregate score of 5-4.
Guadalajara's 17-year streak without a championship came to an end in the 1986-87 season. The team finished first in the league standings, qualified for the playoffs, and defeated CF Monterrey in the Quarterfinals and Puebla F.C. in the Semifinals. They won the ninth championship game against Cruz Azul with an aggregate score of 4-2. After the 1987-88 season, Guadalajara was eliminated in the Quarterfinals and 1988-89 season, where it was eliminated in the Semifinals. Coach Alberto Guerra left the team.
Prominent players for Guadalajara in the 1980s include Ricardo "Snoopy" Perez, Eduardo "Yayo" de la Torre, Fernando Quirarte, Javier "Zully" Ledesma, Demetrio Madero, and Benjamin Galindo.
[edit] "La Promotora" Era (1992-02)
By the end of the 1980s, Guadalajara began to experience financial troubles. Team directors decided to create a special financial sector that would be known as La Promotora Deportiva. The team would be "sold" for 10 years starting in 1992 to a petroleum executive named Salvador Martinez Garza, who would be in charge of the Promotora and of team operations[4]. Before Guadalajara began its new era under the Promotora, the team began the 1990s in average form, reaching the Semifinals in 90-91, reaching the Quarterfinals in 91-92, and finishing in thirteenth place in 92-93.
The new directors decided to bring back Guadalajara's champion coach in 1986-87 Alberto Guerra and purchase many players that would become icons for Guadalajara in the early '90s: Missael Espinoza, Alberto "Guameru" Garcia, and Alberto Coyote. The team also decided that it would rely on young talent from its basic training schools. Such talent included Paulo Cesar "Tilon" Chavez and Joel "Tiburon" Sanchez. At the beginning of the 93-94 season, the press and fans dubbed the new and improved team Las Superchivas[4]. However, despite expectations, the team was eliminated early on in the playoffs. The 94-95 season would bring about more change for the team. Guadalajara hired player Ramon Ramirez. Also at the start of the season, directors sold all television rights of the team to Mexican giant Televisa, a move that was heavily criticized by fans because of Televisa's ownership of Club América[4]. Guadalajara would end the 1993-1994 regular season as the leader in the league table, but was narrowly defeated by Club Necaxa in Semis. The 96-97 season saw the exit of coach Alberto Guerra, being replaced by the Dutchman Leo BeenhakkerThe team failed to make the playoffs that season.
By 1996, the Primera División de México season format would be changed to two short seasons per year. The first of the seasons, Invierno 1996, saw Guadalajara bring in another coach, Brazilian Ricardo Ferretti. During Ferretti's first season, the team managed to reach third place in the league table, but would be eliminated by Club Necaxa in the Quarterfinals. Guadalajara won its 10th championship under Ferretti in the Verano 1997 season against Toros Neza with the aggregate score of 7-2. Guadalajara would once again reach the Finals in the Verano 1998 season, only to once again lose to Necaxa. The fans criticized the sale of player Ramon Ramirez to Club América[4].
[edit] Jorge Vergara Era (2002-Present)
After its tenth year in charge of Guadalajara, La Promotora was still in debt and finally put up for sale. On October 31, 2002, the team was acquired by a Guadalajara native and self-made entrepreneur, Jorge Vergara.[5]. Vergara was the founder of a dietary supplement company named Omnilife. Vergara hired directors that would be in charge of handling business affairs. He also removed all sponsorship from Guadalajara's jersey; the jersey has since had limited sponsorship.
In order to establish funding for the team, Vergara sought to market the Chivas name and capitalize on it, placing the name on anything from its own magazine to toothbrushes and its own brand of cola[6].
For the Clausura 2003 season, Guadalajara hired Eduardo "Yayo" de la Torre, who had played for the team in the 1980s. The Apertura 2003 season would see poor results in the first half of the tournament, putting an end to "Yayo" de la Torre's tenure as coach. Coaching responsibilities would be temporarily assumed by Dutchman Hans Westerhof (who was in charge of the team's basic training school) and the team would barely qualify for a wild card showdown against Club Deportivo Toluca, but was subsequently eliminated. For the Apertura 2004, Guadalajara would display an offensive style of football and managed to place third in the league standings, qualifying for the playoffs. Players such as goalkeeper Oswaldo Sanchez, Ramon Morales, Omar Bravo, and newly acquired Adolfo Bautista, became instant fan favorites. They defeated Atlante FC in the Quarterfinals and Toluca in the Semifinals, but would lose in the Finals against Pumas UNAM in a penalty shootout. Nevertheless, the team had shown, since Vergara's arrival, that it was highly competitive, including in the Copa Libertadores 2005, where it defeated favorites Boca Juniors to reach Semis.
Under coach José Manuel "Chepo" de la Torre, who was also a player for Guadalajara in the 1980s, the team won its 11th championship. For the Apertura 2006 season, Chivas placed eighth in the league table and qualified for the knock-out round (the "Liguilla") by defeating Veracruz 2-1 in Veracruz and 4-0 in the Estadio Jalisco in a wild card series. Guadalajara advanced to the Quarterfinals where it defeated first place qualified Cruz Azul 2-0 in the first leg and tied 2-2 in the second leg (4-2 aggregate), moving on to the semi-finals against rivals Club América.
These wins allowed Chivas to advance to the final of the Primera Division against Toluca. The first match was played at Estadio Jalisco, in which Toluca and Chivas tied 1-1 with goals from Omar Bravo for Chivas and Bruno Marioni for Toluca. On December 10, 2006, Chivas played at Toluca's home stadium Estadio Nemesio Diez and won 2-1 (3-2 aggregate), thus becoming the Mexican League champions, holding 11 titles, the most titles of any team in the league. The first goal was scored by Francisco Javier Rodriguez, and the second was by Adolfo Bautista. Bautista dedicated his goal and his team's victory to his mother, who had died shortly before. This championship was goalkeeper Oswaldo Sánchez's first in his career. Photo Gallery
[edit] Team Crest
Once the team was renamed in 1908 as Club Guadalajara, they used initials, C.G., in the center of the jersey. After a few years of the team's existence, the first proper crest was designed, still using the team's initials. They were eventually placed around a circle. This design would be used in the team's limited edition Centennial jerseys in 2006.
Guadalajara's current crest was designed in 1923 and uses as its base, the crest of the city of Guadalajara, Jalisco. The crest was then complimented with a blue circle and the words Club Deportivo Guadalajara, five red stripes and six white stripes, eventual colors that were adopted by the team, and eleven stars representing each championship the team has won. The actual crest design is credited to brothers Everardo and Jose Espinosa, Angel Bolumar, and Antonio Villalvazo, all of whom were players or directors of the team during that time[7].
[edit] Rivalry
- Guadalajara vs. América
- The first confrontation between what are considered the two most popular teams in Mexico ended with a victory for Guadalajara with a score of 1-0.The rivalry began to flourish after the second match when Club América defeated Chivas de Guadalajara with a score of 7-2. Although the huge defeat sparked embarrassment within Chivas, it was almost two decades before the rivalry became The Clásico. Their meetings, which have become known as El Súper Clásico, are played at least twice a year and signal a national derby.One of the very reasons why these two teams are arch rivals is because in 1983 and 1986 these two clubs brawled with each other, raising excitement among the fans, thus every time they play it is considered a match that everyone will remember.[8][9] To this day, El Súper Clásico continues to raise huge excitement in the whole country as well as in other parts of the world were there are fans of either team. The intensity of the game is lived so passionately that every time these two teams contest a game, regardless of what position they are on the charts or what level they show throughout the league, it is always considered the most important game of the season.
- Guadalajara vs. Atlas
- El Clásico Tapatío is a derby that is played between two teams from the old and important city of Guadalajara, Club Deportivo Guadalajara and Club de Fútbol Atlas. They both share the same stadium Estadio Jalisco which causes controversies with the fans and the police. It is considered the oldest "Classic" of Mexican soccer since its inception in 1916, being a game that is lived with great passion on the part of supporters of both clubs.
- Guadalajara vs. Pumas UNAM
- This rivalry with Chivas comes from a newspaper ad in which the owner of Chivas, the businessman Jorge Vergara, made fun of Pumas after his team defeated Universidad in 2003. Months later, Pumas took revenge and the former player Ailton da Silva provided a clever answer to the newspaper ad on a simple T-shirt. Just a few weeks later, these two teams faced each other in the finals of the tournament Clausura 2004 where Universidad defeated Chivas and won the league. In 2005, the Mexican rock group, Molotov composed the song "Me Vale Vergara" making fun of the owner of Chivas and proclaiming their allegiance to Universidad. But A Mexican rock group made fun of Molotov and Pumas. The song is called "Chiva Rayada".
- Guadalajara vs. Tecos U.A.G.
- Chivas and Tecos is not considered a classic rivalry, but they are both from the city Guadalajara which draws fans from every location possible.
[edit] Popularity
According to the results of a February 2009 poll, Chivas is the most popular football club in Mexico.[10] while their long standing rival America is the second most popular.
[edit] Past Kits
     1st.Uniform Club Unión
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Commemorative of the centenary
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 101 years uniform
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   Uniform season 2007-08
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 .png){kind=small}  Uniform season 2008-09
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| Season | Manufacturer | Sponsor | Season | Manufacturer | Sponsor |
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| 1986-1987 | Le Coq Sportif | None | 1987-1988 | Le Coq Sportif | Nissan |
| 1988-1989 | Eder | Nissan | 1989-1990 | Adidas | |
| 1990-1991 | Adidas | 1991-1992 | Lotería Nacional | ||
| 1992-1993 | Umbro | Texaco | 1993-1994 | ABA Sport | MEXLUB |
| 1994-1995 | ABA Sport | MEXLUB | 1995-1996 | ||
| 1996-1997 | 1997 | Nike | |||
| 1997-1998 | Atletica | Mexicana | 1998-1999 | Atletica | Coca-Cola |
| 1999-2000 | Cemento Tolteca | 2000-2001 | Cemento Tolteca | ||
| 2001-2002 | 2002-2003 | ||||
| 2003-2004 | JV & Co. | None | 2004-2005 | Reebok | None |
| 2005 | Reebok | 2006 | Bimbo | ||
| 2006-2007 | Bimbo | 2007-2008 | |||
| 2008-2009 |
[edit] Current Stadium
From the 1930s to 1960 Guadalajara played in a small stadium known as "Parque Oblatos". Guadalajara currently shares its home stadium, Estadio Jalisco, with Atlas. Estadio Jalisco was opened on January 31, 1960. It was host for eight games in the 1970 FIFA World Cup, six for group stage matches, and two for quarter and semi-finals. The stadium was host for nine games in the 1986 FIFA World Cup, six of which were group stage matches, and one was a round of sixteen and the last two were quarter and semifinals.
[edit] Estadio Chivas
A new home stadium is under construction and will be tentatively named Estadio Chivas. This stadium will have the form of a volcano with a cloud on top. The idea of the design is to integrate the stadium with nature because of its proximity to a forest area. It will also be used for future conventions and as a Business JVC Center. The stadium seats will be colored red except for the loge seats which will be white. It will have a large main entrance and 18 exits. The minimum seating capacity will be 45,500, with a maximum of 54,500. An underground parking lot will be available, capable of holding up to 8,000 cars. The new stadium will also have a restaurant with a capacity of 200 and a view of the field during games. Ingenieros Civiles y Asociados is in charge of construction, having won the bidding at 81 million USD. The stadium is expected to be finished by the third quarter of 2009.[11].
[edit] Current squad
- As of January 18, 2009.
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For recent transfers, see List of Mexican football transfers summer 2009.
[edit] On loan
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[edit] Retired Numbers
- 22 José Martínez, Midfielder, died when the Chivas bus crashed into a trailer while traveling to a match against Puebla 1970-1981. (dedicated honor)
[edit] Honors
[edit] National
[edit] Amateur era
- Liga Occidental (13): 1908-09, 1909-10, 1911-12, 1921-22, 1922-23, 1923-24, 1924-25, 1927-28, 1928-29, 1929-30, 1932-33, 1934-35 and 1937-38.
- Campeón de Campeones: 1932-33.
- Torneo de una Tarde: 1929-30.
[edit] Professional era
- Primera División de México (11):1956-57, 1958-59, 1959-60, 1960-61, 1961-62, 1963-64, 1964-65, 1969-70, 1986-87, Verano 1997 and Apertura 2006.
- Copa México (2): 1963, 1970.
- Campeón de Campeones (7): 1956-1957, 1958-1959, 1959-1960, 1960-1961, 1963-1964, 1964-1965, 1969-1970.
- Copa Challenger: 1961.
- Trofeo Campeonísimo: 1961-62.
- Copa Oro de Occidente (4): 1954, 1955, 1956, 1960.
- Interliga (1) 2009.
[edit] International
- Central-American Champion (2): 1959, 1962.
- CONCACAF Champions' Cup (1): 1962.
- Copa Pre-Libertadores (1): 1998.
[edit] Other tournaments
- 3 International Pentagonal Tournaments
- I Mexico City International Pentagonal 1958.
- IV Mexico City International Pentagonal 1961.
- III Jalisco International Pentagonal 1962.
- 4 International Hexagonal Tournaments
- Copa Internacional Hexagonal in Los Angeles 1982.
- Jalisco International Hexagonal 1994.
- Fiestas de Octubre International Hexagonal in Guadalajara 1982.
- Copa Informador de Futbol International Hexagonal in Los Angeles 1999.
- Copa Coliseo 1998.
- Copa Reforma: 1911.
- Torneo de Primavera: 1917.
- Medalla de la Junta de Festejos Patrios de la Villa de Zapopan: 1917.
- Medalla Colón: 1918.
- Medalla Caridad: 1919.
- Copa Militarización: 1918.
- Copa Deportivo Nacional de Torreón: 1919.
- Copa Eugenio Pinzón: 1921.
- Copa Francia: 1921-22.
- Copa Fábricas de Francia: 1924.
- Trofeo Casino Español: 1928.
- Copa Presidencial: 1953.
- Copa de Oro: 1954-1956.
- Trofeo de Don Adolfo López Mateos (4): 1959, 1960, 1961, 1963.
- Torneo de la Ciudad de Guadalajara: 1961.
- Copa Presidente Gustavo Díaz Ordaz
- Copa California: 1977.
- Copa Europa: 1985.
- Trofeo al Equipo menos goleado: 1991-92.
- Copa León: 2003.
- Copa Diario ESTO: 2006.
- Copa Tecate (2): 1994, 2001.
[edit] Reserve teams
- CD Guadalajara B
- Reserve team that plays in the Segunda División Profesional new talents league. Its home games are held in the Verde Valle training fields.
- Chivas San Rafael
- Reserve team that plays in the Segunda División Profesional new talents league. This team was before known as Club Jalisco but after it was purchased it became Chivas San Rafael. Its home games are held in the Chivas San Rafael Club facilities.
- Escuela de Fútbol Chivas
- Reserve team that plays in the Tercera División de México Group X . The team was founded in 2008 to give students of this school playing time to develop their skills for the future. Its home games are held in the Verde Valle training fields.
- Guadalajara C
- Reserve team that plays in the Tercera División de México Group XI. Its home games are held in the Verde Valle training fields.
[edit] Reserves Honours
[edit] National
- Campeonato Oficial de Segunda Fuerza (3): 1924-25, 1928-29, 1934-35 and 1937-38.
- Campeonato Categoría Juvenil (1): 1928-29.
- Campeonato Oficial de Tercera Fuerza (2): 1928-29, 1937-38.
- Campeonato de Segunda Categoría de Occidente: 1939.
- Torneo de Reservas (3): 1967-68, 1992-93, and 2006.
- Campeón Primera Fuerza Amateur: 1967-68.
- Campeón 1a. División Amateur: 1983-84.
- Campeón Juvenil: 1998.
- Segunda División de Filiales (4): Apertura 2004, Apertura 2006, Clausura 2008 and Clausura 2009.
- Torneo de penales de Segunda División (1): 2009
- Tercera División de Ascenso (1): Invierno 99
- Tercera División de Filiales (3) 1993-94, Clausura 2005 and Apertura 2006.
[edit] International
- Manchester United Premier Cup (England) (1): 2005-06.
- Gothia Cup (Sweeden) (2): 2005, 2007.
- Dalla's Cup (U.S.) (7): 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008.
- Stemwede International Tournament (Germany): 2000.
- Copa Promissão (Brazil): 2005.
- Groningen International Tournament (Netherlands): 2005.
- Lowe's Cup (U.S.): 2007.
- Dana Cup (Denmark): 2007.
- Milk Cup(Ireland): 2007.
- Storsjocupen(Norway): 2007.
- Dalecarlia Cup (Sweeden): 2007.
- Piteå Summer Games (Sweeden): 2007.
- Sherewsbury Tournament: 2007.
- Copa Alianza (U.S.A.): 2007.
- Copa Saprissa (Costa Rica) (2): 2008, 2009.
- BMW Cup (Japan): 2008
- Copa Chivas International (Mexico) (2): 2007, 2008
[edit] Chivas Femenil
Another of Jorge Vergaras plans was to create a team exclusively for women. Chivas Femenil is open to girls from 14 to 18 years of age, trying to recruit players to fill out the appropriate profile for the team and the "Institución Rojiblanca" (The Red and White Institution). The team currently plays in the Super Liga Femenil, the top level of women's football in Mexico.
[edit] Top goalscorers in domestic league
Players in bold are still active with the team.
Salvador Reyes (122)- Omar Bravo (101)
- Eduardo de la Torre (90)
- Benjamin Galindo (78)
- Max Prieto (72)
- Crescencio Gutiérrez (72)
- Javier de la Torre (70)
- Javier Valdivia (69)
- Francisco Jara (68)
- Ramón Morales (65)
- Isidoro Diaz (58)
- Jaime Pajarito (56)
- Tomás Balcázar (54)
- Héctor Hernández (54)
- José Antonio Marcos Zetter (53)
- Ignacio Vázquez (51)
[edit] Notable Players
[edit] Sponsorship
- Official shirt sponsors - Bimbo, Toyota
- Official shirt manufacturer - Reebok
- Official stadium sponsor - Samsung
- Official beer - Sol
[edit] Footnotes
- ^ "Club World Ranking: top 350". iffhs.de. IFFHS. 4th May 2009. http://www.iffhs.de/?10f42e00fa2d17f73702fa3016e23c17f7370eff3702bb1c2bbb6f28f53512. Retrieved on 4 May 2009.
- ^ Los 80s
- ^ Los 80;s
- ^ a b c d La Promotora
- ^ Soy de Chivas | Yo te sigo Rebaño
- ^ Vergara Bio
- ^ Escudo
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2]
- ^ Estadísticas de Grupo Reforma
- ^ Estadio Chivas Official Site
[edit] External links
- CD Guadalajara Official Website
- Estadio Chivas Official Website
- CD Guadalajara Official Social Networking Website
- Soy de Chivas Unofficial website
- Comunidad Chivas
- FIFA Article regarding CD Guadalajara History and Championships
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