March deportation
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March deportation (Estonian: märtsiküüditamine) is the name commonly used in Estonia for the mass deportation from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania to facilitate the forced collectivisation of rural households and to eliminate the support base for the insurgency by the Forest Brothers against Soviet rule[1]. The wave started on March 25, 1949. Altogether around 92,000 people were deported.
From Estonia, around 20,000 people were deported, mostly women and children, and resettled mostly in Krasnoyarsk krai and Novosibirsk oblast (see Gulag).
The deportation fulfilled its purposes: within a few following weeks, almost all of the rural households had submitted to the terror and "voluntarily" accepted collectivisation.
Based on the Martens Clause and the principles of the Nuremburg Charter, the European Court of Human Rights has held that the March deportation constituted a crime against humanity.[2]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Strods, Heinrihs; Kott, Matthew (2002). "The File on Operation 'Priboi': A Re-Assessment of the Mass Deportations of 1949". Journal of Baltic Studies 33 (1): 1–36. http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=v39u012674tmk1jj. Retrieved on 2008-03-25.
- ^ Postimees 31 March 2009: Martin Arpo: kommunismiaja kuritegude tee Euroopa Inimõiguste Kohtuni
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