Paleohispanic languages
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The Paleohispanic languages were the languages of the pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula, excluding languages of foreign colonies, such as Greek in Emporion and Phoenician in Qart Hadast. After the Roman conquest of Hispania the Paleohispanic languages, with the exception of Proto-Basque, were replaced by Latin, the ancestor of the modern Iberian Romance languages.
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[edit] Classification
Some of these languages were documented directly through inscriptions, mainly in Paleohispanic scripts, that date for sure between the 5th century BC, maybe from the 7th century in the opinion of some researchers, until the end of the 1st century BC or the beginning of the 1st century AD.
- Iberian language.
- Celtiberian language.
- Tartessian language (also known as southwestern language or South Lusitanian language).
- Lusitanian language.
Other Paleohispanic languages can only be identified indirectly through toponyms, anthroponyms or theonyms cited by Roman and Greek sources.
Of these languages, Celtiberian and Lusitanian are Indo-European languages; Celtiberian is certainly a Celtic language and Lusitanian might be. Iberian and Tartessian are unclassified languages, while Aquitanian is related to modern Basque.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
[edit] Further reading
- Correa, José Antonio (1994): «La lengua ibérica», Revista española de lingüística 24, 2, pp. 263-287.
- Jordán, Carlos (2004): Celtibérico, Zaragoza.
- Hoz, Javier de (1995): «Tartesio, fenicio y céltico, 25 años después», Tartessos 25 años después, pp. 591-607.
- Rodríguez Ramos, Jesús (2005): «Introducció a l'estudi de les inscripcions ibèriques», Revista de la Fundació Privada Catalana per l'Arqueologia ibèrica, 1, pp. 13-144.
- Untermann, Jürgen : Monumenta Linguarum Hispanicarum, Wiesbaden. (1975): I Die Münzlegenden. (1980): II Die iberischen Inschriften aus Sudfrankreicht. (1990): III Die iberischen Inschriften aus Spanien. (1997): IV Die tartessischen, keltiberischen und lusitanischen Inschriften.
- Velaza, Javier (1996): Epigrafía y lengua ibéricas, Barcelona.
