Pavao I Šubić Bribirski
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Pavao I Šubić Bribirski (died on May 1, 1312), a Croatian leader and member of the Šubić noble family, was a Ban of Croatia and Lord of the all Bosnia. He ruled from his seat in fortified town Bribir, where he erected along with his castle, three aisled basilica of St. Mary inside the Franciscan monastery.[1]
Pavao I Šubić was the most powerful Croatian noble at the end of 13th century and beginning of the 14th century. The date of his birth is unknown. The first mentions of his name occurs in 1272, when he held the title of Count of Bribir, from which he took his name, Bribirski. Pavao became ban of Croatia in 1273 and reigned until his death. At the time of his death, he ruled over most of Dalmatia, Slavonia and Bosnia[2], land once ruled by the native Croatian kings.
During a civil war between the Árpád and Anjou dynasties for the crown of Hungary and Croatia, he supported Charles I. Charles I named him in 1292, as master of lands between the Gvozd and Neretva rivers. In Dalmatia, he appointed his brothers as commissars of Dalmatian cities. He gave Split to his brother Mladen I, and Šibenik, Nin, Trogir and Omiš to his brother Juraj I. He united large parts of Dalmatia and Slavonia.
In 1299 he conquer Bosnia, and ruled from Adriatic sea to the Drava river on the north, and to the Drina river to the east. After conquering Bosnia, Pavao I Šubić declared himself as "Dominus of Bosnia" in 1299, and he gave to his brother Mladen I Šubić the title of Bosnian Ban. Although he did not have himself crowned, he was the de facto sovereign ruler of these territories. He also issued his own money.[3] The seal of Pavao I Šubić Bribirski (1312), had the following lettering on it: "s[igillum] Pauli Breberiensis bani totius Sclavoniae". Another Pavao's seal had the inscription "Paulus de Breberio banus Croatorum D[omi]n[u]s et Bosnae"
After death of his brother, Bosnian Ban Mladen I Šubić in 1304, Pavao I Šubić himself had to lead an Army to crush the resistance in Šubić's Bosnia, after which in 1305 he took the title of Lord of the all Bosnia (totius Bosniae dominus). Pavao I Šubić passed the title of Lord of the all Bosnia to his eldest son Mladen II Šubić, who ruled over Bosnia as a Ban of Bosnia under his father, but after Pavao I Šubić's death in 1312, Mladen II tried to maintain the hold over Bosnia and the other Croatian clans, but wasn't successful like his father, so in 1322 he lost control over Bosnia.
In a war with the Venetian Republic, Pavao captured Zadar in 1311. This was the height of his power.
An important avenue in Zagreb, the Pavao Šubić Avenue is named after him.
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| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Butko |
Ban of Croatia 1273–1312 |
Succeeded by Mladen II Šubić |
| Preceded by Stjepan I Kotroman |
Ban of Bosnia (Dominus of Bosnia) 1299 |
Succeeded by Mladen I Šubić |
| Preceded by Pavao I Šubić |
Lord of the all Bosnia (totius Bosniae dominus) 1305–1312 |
Succeeded by Mladen II Šubić |
